Caracterización clínico epidemiológica de la tuberculosis en el Hospital Raoul Follereau. Guinea Bissau, 2024
Keywords:
Tuberculosis; Epidemiología; Factores de Riesgo; Guinea-Bissau; VIHAbstract
Introducción: La tuberculosis (TB) continúa siendo una de las enfermedades infecciosas con mayor carga mundial, especialmente en África subsahariana. En Guinea Bissau, los datos clínico‑epidemiológicos actualizados son escasos, lo que limita las intervenciones locales.
Objetivo: Caracterizar los casos diagnosticados de tuberculosis según variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y epidemiológicas en el Hospital Raoul Follereau durante 2024.
Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se incluyeron los 385 pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis ingresados en el hospital. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante revisión de historias clínicas y registros estadísticos. Se analizaron frecuencias absolutas y relativas.
Resultados: Predominó el sexo masculino (54,8%) y el grupo de 60 años o más (25,5%). La ocupación más frecuente fue “ama de casa” (48,6%). Los principales factores de riesgo fueron alcoholismo (63,6%) y desnutrición (52,2%). El VIH fue la comorbilidad más común (22,6%). El 80,8% de los casos se confirmó bacteriológicamente.
Conclusiones: Existe una alta frecuencia de factores de riesgo modificables (alcoholismo, desnutrición) y comorbilidades como el VIH en los pacientes con tuberculosis. Se requieren estrategias locales de prevención y control para reducir la transmisión y avanzar hacia la eliminación de la enfermedad.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Candelario Manuel Hernández-Barroso , Doris de la Caridad Herrera-Santiesteban, Amanda Camila Corbacho-Faulkner, Rainel Martínez-Quintana, Edel Arencibia-Almeida, Celia Carmona-Hernández
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