Cáncer testicular multifocal mixto con metástasis óseas osteoblásticas: presentación de un caso
Keywords:
Cáncer De Testículo; Células Germinales ; Metástasis Ósea; Tratamiento MultimodalAbstract
Introducción: el cáncer testicular es la neoplasia más frecuente en hombres de 15 a 35 años. Los tumores de células germinales mixtos representan hasta el 60% de los casos no seminomatosos. La diseminación ósea es excepcional (3-9%) y las metástasis osteoblásticas son extremadamente infrecuentes, asociadas casi exclusivamente a coriocarcinoma predominante.
Objetivo: describir un caso infrecuente de cáncer testicular multifocal mixto con metástasis óseas osteoblásticas.
Presentación del caso: paciente masculino de 46 años, con masa testicular izquierda de 1 cm, dura e indolora de 3 meses de evolución. Los marcadores tumorales mostraron alfafetoproteína normal (1,53 UI/ml) y β-hCG elevada (13,4 UI/ml). La ecografía Doppler evidenció una masa heterogénea hipervascularizada de 10×8 mm. La tomografía computarizada con ventana ósea reveló lesiones osteoblásticas en columna dorsal y cabeza femoral izquierda. Se realizó orquiectomía inguinal izquierda. La histología informó tumor de células germinales mixto: seminoma 50%, carcinoma embrionario 25%, tumor del saco vitelino 15% y coriocarcinoma 10%, con invasión linfovascular.
Conclusiones: el cáncer testicular mixto con coriocarcinoma (10%) puede presentar metástasis óseas osteoblásticas, un hallazgo excepcional que justifica ventana ósea en la estadificación. La normalidad de la alfafetoproteína no excluye enfermedad metastásica cuando la β-hCG está elevada. Reportar estas presentaciones atípicas mejora la sospecha clínica fuera del rango etario clásico.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Keily Alvarez-Gomez , Jean Marcos Campanería-Hernández , Carlos Luis Vinageras-Hidalgo, José Antonio Méndez-Fiallo

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